Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) 250mg Powder for Injection I.V/I.M Vials 10's

 250mg Powder for Injection I.V/I.M 

ANTIBACTERIAL

Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) 250mg Powder for Injection (I.V/I.M) Vials 10's

Product Description:

Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin class of antibiotics. It is available as a powder for injection, which, when reconstituted, can be administered via intravenous (I.V) or intramuscular (I.M) injection. It is formulated in 250mg vials, and each pack contains 10 vials.

Ampicillin works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria by interfering with their cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death. It is effective against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, making it a widely used antibiotic in treating infections.

Indications:

Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) is indicated for the treatment of a range of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms, including:

1. Respiratory Tract Infections:

   • Pneumonia

   • Bronchitis

   • Laryngitis

   • Sinusitis

2. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs):

   • Cystitis

   • Pyelonephritis

   • Urethritis

3. Gastrointestinal Tract Infections:

   • Salmonella infections

   • Shigella infections

   • Enteritis

4. Meningitis:

   • Infections of the central nervous system caused by susceptible organisms.

5. Endocarditis:

   • Prophylaxis and treatment of infective endocarditis.

6. Soft Tissue Infections:

   • Infections of skin, muscles, and connective tissues.

7. Bacteremia and Sepsis caused by sensitive organisms.

Dosage and Administration:

The dosage of Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) depends on the type and severity of the infection, as well as the patient's age and renal function.

General Dosage for Adults:

1. For Mild to Moderate Infections:

   • 250mg to 500mg every 6 hours by I.V or I.M injection.

2. For Severe Infections:

   • 1g to 2g every 4 to 6 hours, administered I.V or I.M.

For Pediatric Patients (under 12 years old):

• 50mg/kg/day divided into 4 doses. The dosage may vary based on the child's age and the severity of the infection.

Renal Impairment:

• Dose adjustments may be required for patients with impaired renal function, typically reducing the frequency of administration.

Preparation and Administration:

• The powder should be reconstituted with the appropriate diluent before administration.

• For I.V administration, it is typically diluted and infused slowly over a period of 30 minutes to 1 hour.

• For I.M injection, the solution should be injected deeply into a large muscle mass.

Side Effects:

While Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) is generally well-tolerated, it may cause side effects in some patients. Common and serious side effects include:

1. Common Side Effects:

   • Gastrointestinal Disturbances: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort.

   • Allergic Reactions: Rash, itching, and urticaria (hives).

   • Fever: Mild fever may occur during the initial days of treatment.

2. Serious Side Effects:

   • Severe Allergic Reactions (Anaphylaxis): Swelling, difficulty breathing, and low blood pressure. Requires immediate medical attention.

   • Superinfection: Prolonged use of antibiotics may lead to the growth of resistant organisms or fungal infections (e.g., Candida).

   • Hematologic Disorders: Eosinophilia (increase in eosinophils), thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), or leukopenia (low white blood cell count).

   • Liver Toxicity: Hepatitis or liver enzyme abnormalities may occur, though rarely.

   • Renal Toxicity: Renal impairment, especially in patients with pre-existing renal disease.

   • Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea: Severe diarrhea associated with the overgrowth of Clostridium difficile.

If any of these side effects are observed or worsen, immediate medical consultation is advised.

Contraindications:

Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) should not be used in the following circumstances:

1. Hypersensitivity to Penicillins:

   • Contraindicated in patients who have a known allergy to penicillins or any other component of the formulation, as it may lead to severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.

2. History of Severe Allergic Reactions to Beta-Lactams:

   • Patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., cephalosporins) should avoid using Ampicillin.

3. Mononucleosis (Infectious Mononucleosis):

   • Patients with mononucleosis may develop a rash when treated with ampicillin, which may suggest a higher risk of hypersensitivity reactions.

4. Severe Renal Impairment:

   • Use with caution in patients with severe renal impairment, and dosage adjustments may be necessary.

Precautions:

1. Allergic Reactions:

   • Penicillin antibiotics, including Ampicillin Sodium, may cause hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from mild rash to severe anaphylaxis. Always monitor patients for signs of allergy, especially during the first dose.

2. Renal and Hepatic Dysfunction:

   • Dose adjustments may be necessary for patients with renal or liver impairment to prevent toxicity due to reduced elimination of the drug.

3. Superinfection:

   • Prolonged or repeated use of Ampicillin Sodium may lead to superinfection by resistant organisms. If a secondary infection develops, appropriate treatment should be initiated.

4. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:

   • Ampicillin Sodium is generally considered safe during pregnancy (Category B), but it should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is excreted in breast milk in small amounts, and caution should be exercised when administering it to breastfeeding mothers.

5. Clostridium difficile Diarrhea:

   • Prolonged antibiotic use can lead to overgrowth of Clostridium difficile, causing severe diarrhea. Discontinuation of the drug may be required in such cases.

Drug Interactions:

• Probenecid: May increase the blood levels of ampicillin by reducing its renal excretion.

• Allopurinol: Co-administration may increase the risk of developing a rash.

• Oral Contraceptives: Ampicillin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy.

• Methotrexate: May increase the toxicity of methotrexate by decreasing its renal clearance when used concurrently with ampicillin.

Conclusion:

Ampicillin Sodium (Liferzin) is an effective and widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic suitable for treating a variety of bacterial infections, including respiratory, urinary, and soft tissue infections. While it is generally safe and well-tolerated, it is important to use it under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure proper dosing, minimize the risk of side effects, and prevent bacterial resistance. Always follow medical instructions carefully and report any unusual symptoms or side effects promptly.