Cefalexin (Exel) 250mg/5ml Powder fo Suspension 60ml

Here is the detailed information for Cefalexin (Exel) 250mg/5ml Powder for Suspension 60ml:

Product Description:

Cefalexin (Exel) is an oral antibiotic in the form of a 250mg/5ml powder for suspension. Cefalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. It is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria.

This formulation is designed for oral administration in the form of a suspension, making it particularly useful for children, elderly individuals, or those who have difficulty swallowing tablets. The 60ml bottle is convenient for both short-term and long-term treatment courses as prescribed by a healthcare provider.

Indications:

Cefalexin (Exel) 250mg/5ml Powder for Suspension is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria, including:

1. Respiratory Tract Infections:

   • Pneumonia

   • Bronchitis

   • Pharyngitis (sore throat)

   • Tonsillitis

2. Ear Infections:

   • Otitis media (middle ear infections)

3. Urinary Tract Infections:

   • Cystitis (bladder infection)

   • Pyelonephritis (kidney infection)

4. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections:

   • Cellulitis

   • Abscesses

5. Bone and Joint Infections:

   • Osteomyelitis

6. Other Bacterial Infections:

   • Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)

   • Prophylaxis for surgical procedures in patients at risk of infection

Dosage and Administration:

The dosage of Cefalexin (Exel) 250mg/5ml Powder for Suspension depends on the infection being treated, the patient's age, and overall health. It is crucial to follow the specific dosing instructions provided by the healthcare provider.

For Adults:

• Typical dose: 250mg to 500mg every 6 to 12 hours depending on the severity of the infection.

• For severe infections, the dose can be increased to 1g every 6 to 12 hours.

For Children (under the guidance of a healthcare provider):

• Typical dose: 25mg to 50mg per kg of body weight per day, divided into 2 to 4 doses.

• Infants (up to 2 years): Generally, 25mg to 50mg/kg/day in divided doses.

Preparation of Suspension:

• The powder should be reconstituted with the appropriate amount of water as per the instructions on the label.

• Shake the bottle well after reconstitution before each dose.

• Use the measuring spoon or oral syringe provided to ensure accurate dosing.

Side Effects:

While Cefalexin (Exel) is generally well tolerated, some side effects may occur. Common side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Gastrointestinal symptoms:

  • Diarrhea

  • Nausea

  • Vomiting

  • Stomach upset or cramps

Less Common Side Effects:

• Allergic reactions:

  • Rash

  • Itching

  • Swelling of the face, tongue, or throat (severe reactions)

• Headache

• Dizziness

• Fatigue

Serious Side Effects:

• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis):

  • Difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, or throat.

• Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD): A severe form of diarrhea caused by overgrowth of Clostridium difficile bacteria, which can be life-threatening.

• Severe skin reactions:

  • Blistering, peeling, or red skin rash (which could indicate a serious allergic reaction).

If any of these serious side effects occur, stop taking the medication and seek emergency medical help immediately.

Contraindications:

Cefalexin (Exel) should not be used in the following situations:

1. Allergic Reactions to Cephalosporins:

   • Contraindicated in individuals who are allergic to cephalosporin antibiotics (like cephalexin), penicillins, or any of the components of the formulation.

2. Severe Renal Impairment:

   • If a patient has significant renal impairment (kidney disease), the dosage may need to be adjusted. Cefalexin is primarily eliminated through the kidneys, and reduced kidney function can lead to accumulation of the drug in the body.

3. History of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD):

   • Individuals with a history of Clostridium difficile infection should use Cefalexin with caution, as it can sometimes cause or exacerbate Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

Precautions:

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:

  • Cefalexin is considered safe to use during pregnancy (Category B), but it should be used only when clearly needed. Always consult a healthcare provider before using any medication during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

• Renal Dysfunction:

  • Renal impairment may require dosage adjustments, as the medication is primarily excreted through the kidneys.

• Gastrointestinal Issues:

  • Use with caution in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease or a history of colitis, as antibiotics like Cefalexin may disrupt the normal flora of the intestines, leading to complications such as Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.

• Antibiotic Resistance:

  • Overuse or misuse of antibiotics can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if you start feeling better before the medication is finished.

Drug Interactions:

1. Probenecid:

   • Probenecid can increase the blood levels of Cefalexin by reducing its renal excretion. If both medications are used together, close monitoring is recommended.

2. Other Antibiotics:

   • Using Cefalexin in combination with other antibiotics (like aminoglycosides) may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity (kidney damage).

3. Oral Contraceptives:

   • Cefalexin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Additional non-hormonal contraception methods should be considered while using Cefalexin.

4. Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin):

   • There may be an increased risk of bleeding when Cefalexin is used in conjunction with anticoagulants like warfarin. Monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended.

Summary:

Cefalexin (Exel) 250mg/5ml Powder for Suspension is a widely used antibiotic for treating a variety of bacterial infections, such as those affecting the respiratory system, urinary tract, and skin. It is available as a suspension, making it ideal for children or individuals who have difficulty swallowing tablets.

• Typical Dosage: 250mg every 6-12 hours for adults, with doses adjusted for children based on body weight.

• Common Side Effects: Diarrhea, nausea, stomach upset, rash.

• Serious Side Effects: Allergic reactions, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, severe skin reactions.

• Contraindications: Allergies to cephalosporins or penicillin, severe renal impairment.

Always consult a healthcare provider before starting this medication, especially if you have underlying conditions like kidney disease, gastrointestinal disorders, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.