Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg Alpha 2 Adrenoreceptor Agonist Tablet 100's

Product Description:

Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg tablets are an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used primarily to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Methyldopa works by stimulating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain, which helps to reduce the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. This leads to a decrease in blood pressure through vasodilation (widening of the blood vessels) and reduced heart rate.

BP Low 250mg tablets are typically used as part of a comprehensive approach to managing hypertension, often in combination with other antihypertensive medications. Methyldopa is particularly beneficial for use in pregnant women with high blood pressure, as it is considered safe during pregnancy.

Indications:

Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg tablets are primarily indicated for:

1. Hypertension:

   • Methyldopa is used to lower high blood pressure (hypertension). It can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs.

2. Hypertension in Pregnancy:

   • It is one of the few antihypertensive medications considered safe for use in pregnant women who develop gestational hypertension or preeclampsia, as it has minimal risk to the fetus.

3. Renal Hypertension:

   • Methyldopa may be used for managing hypertension secondary to kidney disease (renal hypertension), though this is less common now with the availability of other antihypertensive agents.

Dosage:

The typical dosage for Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg tablets depends on the condition being treated:

For Hypertension (Adults):

• Initial Dose: Typically, the initial dose is 250mg to 500mg taken 2 to 3 times daily.

• Maintenance Dose: The usual maintenance dose is between 750mg to 2g per day, taken in divided doses.

• Maximum Dose: The maximum recommended dose is 3g per day.

For Hypertension in Pregnancy:

• Starting Dose: 250mg to 500mg taken 2 to 3 times daily.

• Maintenance Dose: Adjusted based on response, typically ranging from 750mg to 2g per day.

• Maximum Dose: 3g per day, though lower doses are often sufficient.

For Elderly Patients:

• Lower starting doses are recommended, usually 250mg twice daily, with gradual adjustments based on blood pressure response and tolerability.

Side Effects:

Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg tablets are generally well tolerated, but like all medications, they can cause side effects. Some of the most common and serious side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Drowsiness or sedation (more common at the start of treatment).

• Dry mouth.

• Fatigue or weakness.

• Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up.

• Nausea or vomiting.

Serious Side Effects:

• Liver Dysfunction: Can cause hepatitis, jaundice, and elevated liver enzymes. Liver function should be monitored during treatment.

• Hemolytic Anemia: Methyldopa can cause a reduction in red blood cells (hemolytic anemia), and blood tests should be monitored for changes in blood counts.

• Parkinsonism: Symptoms resembling Parkinson’s disease, including tremors, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement).

• Orthostatic Hypotension: A sudden drop in blood pressure when standing, leading to dizziness or fainting.

• Allergic Reactions: Rare, but may include rashes, fever, or more severe reactions like angioedema (swelling of the face or throat).

• Depression or mood disturbances in some patients.

Rare Side Effects:

• Lupus-like Syndrome: In rare cases, methyldopa may cause symptoms similar to lupus erythematosus (a condition where the immune system attacks tissues and organs), including joint pain and a butterfly-shaped rash on the face.

• Sexual dysfunction: Some men may experience reduced libido or impotence.

Contraindications:

Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg tablets should not be used in the following situations:

1. Hypersensitivity:

   • Contraindicated in patients who have a known hypersensitivity (allergy) to Methyldopa or any of the components of the product.

2. Active Liver Disease:

   • Methyldopa is contraindicated in patients with active hepatic disease (such as hepatitis or cirrhosis) due to the potential for liver toxicity.

3. Severe Renal Impairment:

   • Caution is needed in patients with severe renal impairment or those undergoing dialysis, as methyldopa is excreted via the kidneys.

4. History of Depression or Mental Health Disorders:

   • Methyldopa should be used with caution in individuals with a history of depression, as it can exacerbate mood disorders.

5. Use in Neonates:

   • Methyldopa is contraindicated in neonates (newborns), particularly in premature infants, due to the risk of serious side effects.

6. Concurrent Use with MAO Inhibitors:

   • Methyldopa should not be used with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or in the 14 days following the discontinuation of MAOIs due to the risk of hypertensive crisis.

Precautions:

• Liver Function: Regular liver function tests should be performed, as Methyldopa can cause liver toxicity. If liver abnormalities are detected, the medication may need to be discontinued.

• Blood Pressure Monitoring: Blood pressure should be regularly monitored during treatment, especially when starting or adjusting doses.

• Elderly Patients: Use with caution in elderly patients, who may be more sensitive to the sedative effects and the risk of orthostatic hypotension.

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Methyldopa is considered safe during pregnancy and is often used for treating hypertension in pregnant women, including those with preeclampsia. It is also excreted in breast milk but is considered generally safe for breastfeeding mothers.

• Withdrawal: Do not suddenly discontinue Methyldopa. Gradual dose reduction is recommended to avoid rebound hypertension.

Conclusion:

Methyldopa (BP Low) 250mg tablets are an effective treatment option for managing hypertension, including in pregnant women, and are often used when other antihypertensive medications are not suitable. While it is generally well tolerated, potential side effects such as liver dysfunction, blood disorders, and depression should be monitored. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage and perform regular monitoring of liver function, blood pressure, and blood counts during treatment. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting or discontinuing this medication.