Captopril (Hyperstop) 25mg Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Tablet 100's

Certainly! Below is the detailed information for Captopril (Hyperstop) 25mg Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Tablet 100's:

Product Description:

Captopril (Hyperstop) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, a class of medication used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), heart failure, and other cardiovascular conditions. The active ingredient, Captopril, works by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor. By blocking this enzyme, Captopril helps to relax and dilate blood vessels, thus reducing blood pressure and making it easier for the heart to pump blood.

Each Captopril (Hyperstop) 25mg tablet contains 25 mg of Captopril. The pack contains 100 tablets.

Indications:

Captopril (Hyperstop) is indicated for the following conditions:

1. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure):

   • Used to treat essential hypertension (primary high blood pressure) and can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.

2. Heart Failure:

   • Often prescribed as part of the treatment for congestive heart failure (CHF), particularly when other medications are insufficient.

3. Post-Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack):

   • Helps to improve outcomes and prevent further complications in patients who have had a heart attack, especially in those with left ventricular dysfunction.

4. Diabetic Nephropathy:

   • Used to slow the progression of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 1 diabetes and hypertension or who have microalbuminuria (small amounts of protein in the urine).

5. Chronic Kidney Disease:

   • Can be used to protect kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease related to conditions like hypertension or diabetes.

Dosages:

The dosage of Captopril (Hyperstop) depends on the condition being treated, the severity of the condition, and the individual patient's response. Captopril is typically started at a lower dose and adjusted based on the patient's needs.

• For Hypertension:

  • Initial Dose: Typically, the starting dose is 25 mg twice a day.

  • Maintenance Dose: Depending on the response, the dose may be adjusted. The usual dose is 25 mg to 50 mg twice a day, with a maximum dose of 150 mg per day.

• For Heart Failure:

  • Initial Dose: 6.25 mg to 12.5 mg two or three times a day.

  • Maintenance Dose: After the initial dose, the dosage is typically increased to 25 mg to 50 mg twice a day.

• For Post-Heart Attack:

  • Initial Dose: 6.25 mg to 12.5 mg two or three times a day, depending on the patient's condition.

  • Maintenance Dose: Gradually increase to 25 mg to 50 mg twice a day.

• For Diabetic Nephropathy:

  • Initial Dose: Usually starts at 25 mg once or twice a day.

  • Maintenance Dose: The dose is gradually increased based on the patient's blood pressure and kidney function.

Note: Always follow the dosage prescribed by a healthcare provider. The dose may need to be adjusted based on individual tolerance and response to the medication.

Side Effects:

Like all medications, Captopril (Hyperstop) may cause side effects. While some people may experience none, others may experience the following:

1. Common Side Effects:

   • Cough: A persistent dry cough is a well-known side effect of ACE inhibitors.

   • Dizziness or lightheadedness (especially when standing up quickly).

   • Fatigue or tiredness.

   • Headache.

   • Rash.

   • Nausea or vomiting.

2. Serious Side Effects:

   • Angioedema: Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, which can cause difficulty breathing and is a medical emergency.

   • Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Particularly after the first dose or in volume-depleted patients (e.g., those on diuretics).

   • Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels): Symptoms may include muscle weakness, fatigue, and irregular heartbeat.

   • Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) or Serum Creatinine: Indicating potential kidney dysfunction.

   • Liver Enzyme Abnormalities: Rarely, Captopril can cause liver damage, including jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

   • Neutropenia (low white blood cell count): Can lead to increased risk of infections.

3. Rare but Serious Side Effects:

   • Acute Kidney Failure: Can occur, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney issues or those taking multiple medications that affect kidney function.

   • Severe Allergic Reactions: Difficulty breathing, swelling, or rash.

Contraindications:

Captopril (Hyperstop) should not be used in the following situations:

1. Hypersensitivity:

   • Contraindicated in patients with known allergy or hypersensitivity to Captopril or other ACE inhibitors.

2. Angioedema:

   • Patients who have experienced angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat) related to previous ACE inhibitor use should not use Captopril.

3. Pregnancy:

   • Captopril should not be used during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, as it can harm the fetus and lead to birth defects or fetal death. If pregnancy is planned or suspected, alternative medications should be considered.

4. Severe Renal Impairment:

   • Contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min).

5. Bilateral Renal Artery Stenosis:

   • Contraindicated in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis of the artery to a solitary kidney, as ACE inhibitors can reduce renal perfusion and lead to acute renal failure.

6. History of Angioedema:

   • Patients with a history of hereditary or idiopathic angioedema should avoid Captopril, as ACE inhibitors can trigger angioedema in sensitive individuals.

7. Hypotension:

   • Captopril is contraindicated in patients with severe hypotension or who are volume-depleted (e.g., from diuretics or fluid loss), as it can worsen low blood pressure.

Warnings and Precautions:

1. Kidney Function:

   • Captopril should be used with caution in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. Renal function should be monitored regularly, especially during the initial stages of treatment.

2. Electrolyte Imbalances:

   • Captopril can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) and hyponatremia (low sodium levels). Patients should have their potassium and sodium levels monitored regularly.

3. Cough:

   • A persistent dry cough can develop during treatment with ACE inhibitors, and if it becomes bothersome, the drug should be discontinued.

4. Hypotension:

   • Captopril may cause a drop in blood pressure after the first dose, especially in patients who are also on diuretics or are volume-depleted. Careful dose titration and monitoring are essential.

5. Surgical Procedures:

   • If surgery (including dental surgery) is planned, inform the surgeon that the patient is taking Captopril, as it can affect anesthesia and blood pressure.

6. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:

   • Captopril should not be used during pregnancy (especially in the second and third trimesters). It is also not recommended during breastfeeding as it may pass into breast milk.

Storage:

• Store Captopril (Hyperstop) at room temperature (20°C to 25°C), away from direct light and moisture.

• Keep out of reach of children.

Important Note: Captopril (Hyperstop) should be taken exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Regular follow-up appointments and laboratory tests (such as kidney function tests and electrolytes) are important while taking this medication, especially for long-term use, to monitor for any adverse effects or complications. Do not stop taking the medication abruptly without consulting your healthcare provider.