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Certainly! Below is the information you requested for Metformin HCl (Adiac) 500mg Film-Coated Oral Hypoglycemic Tablets 100's:

Product Description:

Metformin HCl (Adiac) 500mg is an oral medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It contains the active ingredient metformin hydrochloride, which belongs to the class of drugs known as biguanides. Metformin works by lowering blood glucose levels through several mechanisms:

• Reducing hepatic glucose production (decreasing glucose production in the liver).

• Increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues (muscles and fat cells), thereby enhancing glucose uptake and utilization.

• Decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose.

Metformin does not increase insulin secretion, which makes it different from other diabetic medications like sulfonylureas or insulin. It is commonly used as an initial treatment for type 2 diabetes and may be used in combination with other antidiabetic agents when needed.

Indications:

Metformin HCl (Adiac) 500mg is indicated for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults and children (over 10 years old):

• Monotherapy: When diet and exercise alone cannot control blood glucose levels.

• Combination therapy: In combination with other antidiabetic medications (e.g., sulfonylureas, insulin, DPP-4 inhibitors) when blood glucose control is not achieved with monotherapy.

It can also be used in patients with pre-diabetes or metabolic syndrome to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in individuals at high risk.

Dosage:

The dosage of Metformin HCl (Adiac) varies depending on the individual and their specific condition. Typical dosing guidelines include:

• Initial dose: 500 mg once or twice a day, typically taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.

• Maintenance dose: Can be gradually increased to 850 mg to 1,000 mg twice a day, based on the patient's blood glucose levels and tolerance.

• The maximum recommended dose is 2,000 to 2,500 mg per day (depending on the formulation and the patient's tolerance).

• For children (10 years or older), the usual starting dose is 500 mg once or twice daily, with gradual increments as needed.

The exact dose should be determined by a healthcare provider based on the patient's needs and response to treatment.

Side Effects:

Metformin is generally well tolerated, but some side effects may occur. Common side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal discomfort (especially during the first few weeks of treatment).

• Loss of appetite.

• Metallic taste.

Serious side effects are rare but may include:

• Lactic acidosis: A rare but serious condition characterized by a buildup of lactic acid in the blood, leading to muscle pain, fatigue, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and slow or irregular heartbeat.

• Vitamin B12 deficiency: Long-term use of Metformin may interfere with vitamin B12 absorption.

• Hypoglycemia: This is generally not caused by Metformin alone but can occur when used in combination with other medications that increase insulin secretion.

• Allergic reactions: Rash, itching, or swelling.

Contraindications:

Metformin HCl (Adiac) should not be used in the following cases:

• Renal dysfunction: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (e.g., serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL in men, >1.4 mg/dL in women) or impaired renal function (e.g., chronic kidney disease). This is because Metformin is excreted unchanged by the kidneys, and impaired renal function increases the risk of lactic acidosis.

• Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis: Including diabetic ketoacidosis and lactic acidosis.

• Severe infection, dehydration, or shock: These conditions can increase the risk of kidney problems and metabolic acidosis.

• Hypersensitivity to metformin or any of the excipients in the formulation.

Precautions:

• Renal function monitoring: Kidney function should be monitored regularly during treatment, especially in elderly patients or those with risk factors for kidney disease.

• Liver disease: Metformin should be used with caution in patients with liver impairment or those who consume alcohol heavily.

• Contrast dye procedures: If a patient is scheduled for a contrast dye procedure (e.g., CT scan or MRI), Metformin should be temporarily discontinued before the procedure and for at least 48 hours afterward to reduce the risk of kidney damage.

• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Metformin is classified as Category B during pregnancy, meaning it is not expected to harm the fetus. However, it should only be used when clearly necessary, and alternative treatments (such as insulin) may be preferred. It is also excreted in breast milk, so caution should be exercised during breastfeeding.

Monitoring:

• Blood glucose levels should be monitored regularly to assess the efficacy of treatment.

• Kidney function (serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate) should be evaluated before starting treatment and periodically during therapy.

• Vitamin B12 levels should be monitored in long-term use, as Metformin may reduce vitamin B12 absorption.

As always, it’s essential to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider regarding the use of Metformin HCl (Adiac) and monitor for any adverse effects. If you experience any severe or unusual side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

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