200mg/40mg/5ml Susp.

ANTIBACTERIAL

Here's a detailed overview of Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) 200mg/40mg/5ml Suspension 60ml:

Product Description

Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) 200mg/40mg/5ml Suspension is a liquid antibiotic combination used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It contains a fixed dose of two active ingredients: Sulfamethoxazole (200mg per 5ml) and Trimethoprim (40mg per 5ml). These two antibiotics work together to inhibit bacterial growth and treat infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.

• Formulation: Each 5ml of the suspension contains 200mg of Sulfamethoxazole and 40mg of Trimethoprim.

• Packaging: The product comes in a 60ml bottle, which provides a sufficient supply for multiple doses.

• Mechanism of Action: Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim work synergistically to block the production of folic acid in bacteria, essential for their growth and multiplication, thereby inhibiting the bacterial infection.

• Flavor: The suspension typically has a pleasant flavor to make it easier for children and adults to take.

Indications

Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) Suspension is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including but not limited to:

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): It is commonly prescribed for bacterial infections of the urinary system.

• Respiratory Tract Infections: Such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and ear infections (otitis media).

• Gastrointestinal Infections: Including traveler's diarrhea, shigellosis, and infections caused by susceptible bacteria.

• Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: It can be used to treat conditions like cellulitis or wound infections.

• Other Infections: Cotrimoxazole is also used for infections such as toxoplasmosis or pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), particularly in immunocompromised patients.

Dosages

The dosing of Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) Suspension varies depending on the age and severity of the infection. The following is a general guide:

• Adults:

  • 10-20ml (200-400mg Sulfamethoxazole / 40-80mg Trimethoprim) every 12 hours or as directed by a doctor.

• Children (6-12 years):

  • 5-10ml (100-200mg Sulfamethoxazole / 20-40mg Trimethoprim) every 12 hours or as directed by a doctor.

• Children (2-6 years):

  • 2.5-5ml (50-100mg Sulfamethoxazole / 10-20mg Trimethoprim) every 12 hours or as prescribed by a healthcare provider.

• Infants (under 2 years):

  • The dosage for infants is typically lower and should be determined by a healthcare provider based on the child's weight and condition.

Note: It is crucial to complete the full course of the antibiotic as prescribed, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished. Do not exceed the recommended dosage.

Side Effects

As with any medication, Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) Suspension can cause side effects. The most common side effects include:

• Common Side Effects:

  • Gastrointestinal Distress: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.

  • Rash: A skin rash may occur as a mild allergic reaction.

  • Loss of Appetite: Some patients may experience a reduction in appetite.

• Serious Side Effects (Rare but may require immediate medical attention):

  • Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms like difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, and severe rashes.

  • Blood Disorders: Symptoms like unusual bruising, bleeding, or pale skin could indicate blood disorders such as leukopenia or thrombocytopenia.

  • Liver Issues: Symptoms like yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or severe fatigue may indicate liver damage.

  • Kidney Issues: Difficulty urinating or swelling of the legs and ankles may indicate kidney problems.

If any of these severe side effects occur, stop using the medication and seek medical help immediately.

Contraindications

Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) Suspension should not be used in the following situations:

• Hypersensitivity to Sulfamethoxazole, Trimethoprim, or Any Component of the Formulation: Patients with a known allergy to any of the ingredients should avoid this medication.

• Severe Liver or Kidney Dysfunction: This medication is contraindicated in patients with severe liver or kidney disease as it can exacerbate the condition.

• Pregnancy (Especially During the First Trimester): Cotrimoxazole is generally not recommended during pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester, due to potential risks to the fetus, including birth defects. Consult with a healthcare provider for alternative treatments if necessary.

• Breastfeeding: Cotrimoxazole can pass into breast milk and may affect the infant. It should be avoided during breastfeeding unless deemed absolutely necessary by a doctor.

• Infants less than 2 months of age: The use of cotrimoxazole in neonates (especially those under 2 months) is contraindicated due to the risk of severe side effects like kernicterus (a form of brain damage caused by jaundice).

• Folate Deficiency: Cotrimoxazole may worsen folate deficiency, so it should be avoided in patients with megaloblastic anemia caused by folate deficiency.

Precautions

When taking Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) Suspension, certain precautions should be followed:

• Monitor Kidney and Liver Function: Regular monitoring of kidney and liver function may be necessary, especially in patients with pre-existing conditions.

• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids during treatment to help prevent kidney stones, which are a rare side effect of sulfonamides like sulfamethoxazole.

• Allergic Reactions: Be cautious of allergic reactions, especially if the patient has a history of allergies to sulfonamide drugs.

• Drug Interactions: Cotrimoxazole can interact with other medications, including blood thinners (e.g., warfarin), other antibiotics, and certain drugs used for diabetes and seizure control. Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking.

• G6PD Deficiency: Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (a rare inherited condition) should use cotrimoxazole with caution, as it may lead to hemolytic anemia (destruction of red blood cells).

• Avoid Alcohol: Alcohol consumption during treatment with Cotrimoxazole may increase the risk of side effects like stomach upset or dizziness.

Storage

• Store Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) Suspension in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.

• Keep the bottle tightly closed to prevent contamination and out of the reach of children.

• Do not use the medication past its expiration date.

Conclusion

Cotrimoxazole (Bactrex) 200mg/40mg/5ml Suspension is an effective antibiotic used to treat a range of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal issues. It works by combining the antibacterial properties of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim. It is essential to follow the prescribed dosage and complete the full course of treatment to avoid antibiotic resistance. Like all medications, it may cause side effects, so it is important to monitor for any adverse reactions and consult a healthcare provider if any concerns arise. Always follow the guidance of a healthcare provider, especially regarding contraindications, interactions, and use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.